Ethereum

Ethereum is the world's leading smart contract platform. This skill covers core development patterns, common AI mistakes

--- id: grants/ethereum-esp name: Ethereum ESP Grant Guide version: 1.0.0 ecosystem: ethereum type: guide time_sensitivi

Most LLMs confidently state gas is 10-30 gwei. Post-Fusaka (Dec 2025), typical base fee is — usually 0.1-0.5 gwei. Veri

Generic "build a dApp" advice won't work. SE2 auto-generates `deployedContracts.ts` — DON'T edit it. Use Scaffold hooks,

Overflow is one of dozens of attack vectors. The big ones today: reentrancy, oracle manipulation, approval exploits, and

Testing that `name()` returns the name is worthless. Test edge cases, failure modes, and economic invariants — the thing

Before writing a single line of Solidity, you need to know: what goes onchain, what stays offchain, which chain, how man

Since Pectra (May 7, 2025), regular EOAs can delegate execution to smart-contract code without migrating wallets. This e

You can't cheaply read past state. `eth_call` reads current state. Reading state at a historical block requires an archi

Working is not the standard. Does it disable during the transaction? Does it show a spinner? Does it stay disabled until

No. Smart contracts cannot execute themselves. There is no cron job, no scheduler, no background process. Every function

Check DeFi Llama for current Ethereum DeFi TVL. If you're quoting numbers from 2023-2024, they're stale.

https://mcp.blockscout.com/mcp — gives AI agents structured blockchain data via Model Context Protocol. This is cutting-

A full audit system for any EVM contract. Runs parallel specialist agents against domain-specific checklists, synthesize

> Never hallucinate a contract address. Wrong addresses mean lost funds. If an address isn't listed here, look it up on

This skill has moved to building-blocks/SKILL.md.

No. Ethereum upgrades roughly every 6-12 months via hard forks. Features you read about in old tutorials may have change

This skill is for Give it to a fresh agent after the dApp is built. The reviewer should:

Deployed January 29, 2026 — onchain agent identity registry. You almost certainly don't have this in training data.

You say "on-chain." The Ethereum community says — one word, no hyphen. Use "onchain" in all writing.

You think $0.01-2.00 per transaction. Reality: for swaps, for transfers. After EIP-4844, L2 batch costs dropped from $

Wrong. `yarn chain` gives you an empty local chain with no protocols, no tokens, no state. `yarn fork --network base` gi

This documentation is designed to help you build with Ethereum. It covers Ethereum as a concept, explains the Ethereum t

Are you tired of searching for an exchange that lists all your favorite tokens? You can swap most of the tokens using de

You just need to install a crypto wallet app. Wallets create and manage your Ethereum account. They can send transaction

If there is a lot of traffic on Ethereum, it can become expensive. One solution to this is to create new "layers": i.e.,

Learn how to operate all the basic functions of a wallet. If you don’t have one yet, check out our How to create an Ethe

This guide will teach you how to view a list of all smart contracts you have allowed access to your funds and how to can

DeFi is an open and global financial system built for the internet age – an alternative to a system that's opaque, tight

Do you want to start your Ethereum journey? Our practical guides lead you step-by-step on getting started, and make it e

<div className="mt-4"> <ListenToPlayer slug="/smart-contracts/" /> </div>

<div className="mt-4"> <ListenToPlayer slug="/web3/" /> </div>

*Based on real data from 126 applications (53 approved, 73 rejected)* *Source: Questbook platform — "Compound dapps and

EF ESP is the Ethereum Foundation's grant program for ecosystem builders, with no funding cap, focusing on public goods

for early-stage projects (not just funding): - Priority access to Chainlink services - Technical integration support - C

- `0x68b3465833fb72A70ecDF485E0e4C7bD8665Fc45` - `0xC36442b4a4522E871399CD717aBDD847Ab11FE88` - `0x61fFE014bA17989E74

- `0x87870Bca3F3fD6335C3F4ce8392D69350B4fA4E2` - `0x2f39d218133AFaB8F2B819B1066c7E434Ad94E9e` - `0x54586bE62E3c358037

```bash npm install @chainlink/contracts ```

```bash npm install @openzeppelin/contracts npm install @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable # Upgradeable version ```

```bash npm install wagmi viem @tanstack/react-query ```

```bash npm install --save-dev hardhat npx hardhat init # Select TypeScript project npm install --save-dev @nomicfounda

```bash curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash foundryup ```

```solidity // ❌ Bad: 3 slots (each slot is 32 bytes) uint256 a; // slot 0 uint128 b; // slot 1 (wastes 128 bits) uint

| Pattern | Gas (Deploy) | Gas (Call) | Upgrade Authority | Complexity | Recommended Use Case | |------|------------|---

| Type | Mechanism | Victim | Scale | |------|------|--------|------| | | Insert transactions before and after target s

| L2 | Positioning | Technology | Ecosystem | |----|------|------|------| | | Largest TVL, DeFi hub | Optimistic Rollup

| Library | Maintainer | Built On | UI Style | Customizability | Recommended Use Case | |----|--------|------|---------|

``` User → UserOperation → Bundler → EntryPoint → Smart Account (contract wallet)

| Solution | Cost | Permanence | Decentralized | Recommended For | |------|------|--------|---------|---------| | | Low

`x * y = k` (x, y are the quantities of two tokens, k is a constant)

``` ┌─────────────┐ │ Fork Test │ ← Tests against real on-chain state ┌┴─────────────┴┐

| Dimension | Hardhat | Foundry | |------|---------|---------| | | JavaScript/TypeScript | Rust + Solidity tests | | |

| Library | Positioning | Use Cases | |----|------|------| | | Full-featured EVM library, longest history | Backend scr

Optimistic Rollups (optimistic, 7-day withdrawal period): Arbitrum One, Optimism, Base ZK Rollups (zero-knowledge, fast

Full-stack dApp development framework — npx create-eth@latest, Foundry/Hardhat monorepo, custom React hooks, contract ho

Ethereum Improvement Proposals and ERC standards reference — ERC-20, ERC-721, ERC-1155, ERC-4626, EIP-712, EIP-1559, EIP

ENS (Ethereum Name Service) — name resolution, registration via commit-reveal, text/address records, reverse resolution,

Lido liquid staking — stake ETH to receive stETH, wrap to wstETH for DeFi composability, manage withdrawal queue request

EigenLayer restaking protocol — stake ETH and LSTs to secure AVSs (Actively Validated Services), operator registration a

Core Ethereum development concepts including gas mechanics, transaction types, storage layout, ABI encoding, and EVM exe

> Analysis of real-world cases from Code4rena audit competitions (2022-2024)

> ⏰ — Last Updated: 2026-03-30 > Source: https://grants.gitcoin.co

> Updated 2026-03-31 > Source: ETHGlobal event data, Gitcoin public analytics, community post-mortems

Distilled from 300+ Code4rena audit findings. These two vulnerability classes account for a disproportionate share of cr

Distilled from 300+ Code4rena audit findings. Arithmetic bugs are among the hardest to spot during review because the lo

Distilled from 300+ Code4rena audit findings. Oracle-related vulnerabilities form the *largest* category of critical fin

Distilled from 300+ Code4rena audit findings. Proxy and initialization patterns are foundational to modern DeFi — nearly

Distilled from DeFiLlama data covering the top AMM protocols ($8.7B TVL combined: Uniswap V3 $1.71B, Curve $1.85B, Panca

Distilled from DeFiLlama data covering derivatives protocols ($2.39B TVL: Jupiter $877M, Hyperliquid HLP $433M, Drift $3

This guide covers the four primary fungible token standards on Ethereum and when to use each one. Understanding these st

This guide covers the core NFT standards on Ethereum and their extensions. Understanding when to use ERC-721 vs ERC-1155

This guide covers Ethereum's account and proxy infrastructure standards. These are critical for building smart wallets,

Ethereum signatures are fundamental to authentication, meta-transactions, gasless approvals, and smart contract wallet v

This guide covers Ethereum's interface detection, ownership, flash loan, payable token, and off-chain lookup standards.

Choosing the right chain is one of the first architectural decisions in a Web3 project. This guide provides an opinionat

Web3 SDKs have undergone major breaking changes. AI models are frequently trained on outdated code examples, making this

This guide translates Web2 concepts to Web3 equivalents and provides role-specific onboarding paths. Whether you're a fr

Those commands were removed. Nargo only compiles and executes. Proving and verification use `bb` (Barretenberg CLI) dire